Personal Injury Settlement Estimator — All
50 States

Most PI settlements start with special damages (medical bills, lost wages, future care costs) then add general damages using the multiplier method: multiply your special damages by 1.5–5x depending on injury severity. The multiplier rises with more serious injuries. Comparative fault then reduces the total — if you were 20% at fault, you recover 80% of the calculated value. Policy limits and insurance coverage also cap the practical recovery.

Comparative negligence determines how your own fault affects your recovery. In 'pure comparative fault' states (like California and New York), you can recover damages even if you were 99% at fault. In 'modified comparative fault' states (most states), you're barred from recovery if you're 50% or 51% at fault. Five states and DC use 'contributory negligence,' where any fault on your part can bar recovery entirely.

Most personal injury settlements resolve in 3–18 months. Simple claims with clear liability and modest injuries may settle in 3–6 months. Complex cases with disputed liability, serious injuries, or multiple defendants often take 1–3 years. Cases that go to trial typically take 2–4 years from the date of injury. Settlement negotiations typically begin after you've reached 'maximum medical improvement' (MMI).

Generally, compensatory damages for physical injuries are not taxable under federal law — this includes pain and suffering, medical expenses, and lost wages when they arise from a physical injury. Punitive damages are taxable. Interest on delayed settlements is taxable. Emotional distress damages not stemming from a physical injury are taxable. Always consult a tax professional about your specific settlement.

Personal injury attorneys typically work on a contingency fee of 33% (one-third) if the case settles before trial. Fees often rise to 40% if the case goes to trial and up to 45–50% if the case is appealed. Some states cap contingency fees by statute. The fee is usually calculated from the gross settlement before expenses are deducted, though some attorneys calculate from the net amount.